Charter of Endowment

Lumina Justice Foundation

Approved at the Donors’ Meeting on 22 December 2025

Chapter I · General Provisions

Article 1 · Name

This Foundation shall be named the “Lumina Justice Foundation” (財團法人司法微光基金會) (hereinafter referred to as the “Foundation”), with the English name Lumina Justice Foundation (LJF).

Article 2 · Purpose

The purpose of this Foundation is to uphold the protection of human rights, strengthen wrongful conviction relief, advance judicial reform, and promote social justice, in order to safeguard human dignity.

Article 3 · Establishment and Domicile

The Foundation shall be established upon the grant of establishment approval by the competent authority and completion of registration by the court.

The principal office of the Foundation shall be located in Taipei City. Branch offices may be established upon approval by the competent authority.

Article 4 · Duration

The Foundation shall be established in perpetuity, unless dissolved or its approval revoked or rescinded for any legally prescribed reason.

Chapter II · Assets and Funds

Article 5 · Initial Endowed Assets and Total Amount

The total endowed assets at the time of establishment shall be New Taiwan Dollars Thirty Million (NTD 30,000,000) in cash, contributed by the donors at the time of establishment.

Article 6 · Sources of Assets

The assets of the Foundation shall be derived from the following sources:

  1. Endowed assets contributed at the time of establishment.
  2. Donations from all sectors of society.
  3. Grants from non-governmental organizations or bodies.
  4. Other lawful income.

Article 7 · Management and Use of Assets

The assets of the Foundation shall be held and managed by the Board of Directors in accordance with applicable law. Any income and earnings derived therefrom shall be used exclusively for the purpose and mission of the Foundation and shall not be diverted to any other use.

The assets of the Foundation referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be managed and applied by the following methods:

  • Deposited with financial institutions.
  • Purchase of government bonds, treasury bills, central bank savings bonds, financial bonds, negotiable certificates of deposit issued by banks, bankers’ acceptances, or commercial paper guaranteed by banks or bills finance companies.
  • Acquisition of movable and immovable property required for operational purposes.
  • Purchase of secured corporate bonds issued by publicly listed companies, or fixed-income beneficiary certificates issued by domestic securities investment trust companies, subject to the principle of safety and reliability.
  • Purchase of shares within the limit of five percent (5%) of the total assets of the Foundation, provided that the shareholding in any single company shall not exceed five percent (5%) of that company’s total capital.
  • Other investments that contribute to increasing revenue, subject to the principle of safety and reliability; the categories and limits thereof shall be determined by the competent authority.

Chapter III · Mission and Operations

Article 8 · Mission

The mission of the Foundation shall include the following:

  1. Improving wrongful conviction relief systems and providing assistance in individual cases.
  2. Research on reform of investigation, adjudication, and enforcement procedures, as well as prosecutorial and criminal justice policies.
  3. Advocacy and implementation of due process of law.
  4. Judicial transparency, protection of judicial human rights, and procedural oversight.
  5. Other related advocacy, education, publication, research, and public engagement.

Article 9 · Operations

To fulfil the mission set forth in the preceding Article, the Foundation may carry out the following activities:

  1. Organizing seminars, lectures, educational program, and public outreach activities relating to judicial system reform, procedural justice, and human rights protection.
  2. Publishing, editing, or producing periodicals, research reports, books, and audio-visual materials related to wrongful conviction relief, judicial justice, and institutional reform.
  3. Conducting research, advocacy, and public policy engagement on judicial institutions, prosecutorial systems, adjudication procedures, and criminal justice policies.
  4. Other operations necessary or incidental to the realization of the Foundation’s purpose and mission.

Chapter IV · Organisation and Powers

Article 10 · Board of Directors

The Foundation shall have between seven (7) and eleven (11) directors, and the number of directors shall be an odd number. At least one-fifth (1/5) of the directors shall possess specialized knowledge or work experience relevant to the Foundation’s stated purpose. The directors shall collectively constitute the Board of Directors and shall elect one (1) director to serve as the Chairperson, who shall administer the affairs of the Foundation and represent it externally.

The Foundation may establish a Standing Committee of Directors comprising three (3) or five (5) members, elected from among the directors, to handle business matters authorized by the Board of Directors. The Standing Committee shall report on the status of its execution at the next ensuing Board meeting.

The number of directors who are spouses or within the third degree of kinship to one another shall not exceed one-third (1/3) of the total number of directors.

Within one (1) month prior to the expiration of the term, all incumbent directors shall elect the directors for the succeeding term in accordance with law.

Article 11 · Term of Office and By-elections of Directors

The term of office of each director shall be four (4) years, and directors shall be eligible for re-election. The number of directors re-elected upon expiry of their term shall not exceed four-fifths (4/5) of the total number of directors subject to re-election.

In the event of a vacancy on the Board, the incumbent Board of Directors shall elect a suitable candidate to fill all vacancies, with the term of the filling director limited to the remainder of the original term.

Article 12 · Removal of Directors

A director may be removed by resolution of the Board of Directors upon the occurrence of any of the following circumstances:

  1. Loss of legal capacity.
  2. Serious violation of applicable laws, regulations, or these Articles.
  3. Absence from Board meetings on three (3) or more occasions without justification.

The following persons shall be disqualified from serving as Chairperson, Acting Chairperson, or Supervisor of the Foundation. Any person already serving in such capacity shall be deemed automatically removed, and the competent authority shall notify the court to make the necessary registration:

  1. A person who has been convicted of an offence under the Organizational Crime Prevention Act and for whom the sentence has been finally determined, where such sentence has not yet been executed, is being executed, has been completed, or where fewer than two (2) years have elapsed since a pardon was granted. This exception shall not apply to persons who have received a suspended sentence.
  2. A person who has been convicted of fraud, breach of trust, embezzlement, or corruption and sentenced to imprisonment of one (1) year or more and for whom the sentence has been finally determined, where such sentence has not yet been executed, is being executed, has been completed, or where fewer than two (2) years have elapsed since a pardon was granted. This exception shall not apply to persons who have received a suspended sentence.
  3. A person who is subject to a notice of refusal of dishonored cheques that has not yet expired.
  4. A person who has been declared bankrupt or in respect of whom a liquidation proceeding has been commenced pursuant to the Consumer Debt Clearance Act and who has not yet had their rights restored.
  5. A person under guardianship or assistantship where such order has not yet been revoked.

A person falling within item 5 of the preceding paragraph shall also be disqualified from serving as a director of the Foundation. Any person already serving as a director shall be deemed automatically removed, and the competent authority shall notify the court to make the necessary registration.

Article 13 · Powers of the Board of Directors

The Board of Directors shall exercise the following powers:

  1. Raising of funds and management and application of assets.
  2. Re-election and removal of directors.
  3. Election and removal of the Chairperson.
  4. Establishment and administration of the internal organizational structure.
  5. Formulation and implementation of work plans.
  6. Review and approval of annual budgets and final accounts.
  7. Deliberation on proposed amendments to the Charter of Endowment.
  8. Deliberation on proposed disposals or encumbrances of immovable property.
  9. Deliberation on proposed mergers.
  10. Deliberation or resolution of other matters prescribed under the Charter of Endowment.

Article 14 · Meetings

The Board of Directors shall convene at least once every six (6) months and may convene extraordinary meetings as necessary.

Notice of a Board meeting, including the date, time, venue, and agenda, shall be given to all directors and the competent authority at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting.

Directors shall attend meetings in person. Where a director is unable to attend, such director may delegate another director in writing to attend on their behalf.

Each director who has been so delegated may act as proxy for only one (1) other director, and the total number of proxy attendees shall not exceed one-third (1/3) of the total number of directors.

Where the Board meeting is conducted by video conference, directors participating by video shall be deemed to be attending in person.

Ordinary resolutions of the Board of Directors shall require the attendance of more than one-half (1/2) of all directors and the affirmative vote of a majority of directors present. Special resolutions shall require the attendance of two-thirds (2/3) or more of all directors and the affirmative vote of a majority of directors present.

The following material matters shall require a special resolution of the Board of Directors and shall be submitted to the competent authority for approval before being implemented:

  • Proposed amendments to the Charter of Endowment.
  • Appropriation of the endowment fund.
  • Utilization of the endowment fund to cover deficits.
  • Disposal or encumbrance of immovable property.
  • Election and removal of directors.
  • Other matters designated by the competent authority.

Notice of the agenda for the material matters referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be given to all directors and the competent authority at least ten (10) days prior to the relevant meeting. Such matters shall not be raised by way of emergency motions.

Chapter V · Supervisors

Article 15 · Appointment of Supervisors

The Foundation shall have one (1) or three (3) Supervisors. The number of Supervisors shall not exceed one-third (1/3) of the number of directors. Each Supervisor may exercise supervisory powers independently.

If there is one (1) Supervisor, that Supervisor shall serve as the Standing Supervisor. If there are three (3) Supervisors, they shall elect one (1) among themselves to serve as the Standing Supervisor.

Supervisors shall not be spouses or within the third degree of kinship of one another, or of any director.

Within one (1) month prior to the expiration of the term, the incumbent Supervisors shall elect the Supervisors for the succeeding term.

Article 16 · Term of Office and By-elections of Supervisors

The term of office of each Supervisor shall be three (3) years, and Supervisors shall be eligible for re-election.

In the event of a vacancy in the office of Supervisor, the incumbent Supervisors shall elect a suitable candidate to fill the vacancy, with the term limited to the remainder of the original term.

Article 17 · Removal of Supervisors

The removal of Supervisors shall be governed by Article 42 of the Foundation Act.

Article 18 · Powers of Supervisors

The Supervisors shall exercise the following powers:

  1. Supervising the execution of operations and financial status.
  2. Auditing financial accounts, documents, and asset records.
  3. Supervising compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and the Charter of Endowment in the conduct of the Foundation’s affairs.

Article 19 · Unpaid Positions and Expense Reimbursement

The positions of director and Supervisor shall be unpaid.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties (including meeting attendance fees and transportation expenses) may be reimbursed in accordance with the relevant expense reimbursement guidelines of the Foundation.

Article 20 · Conflict of Interest Avoidance and Prohibition of Improper Benefits

The assets of the Foundation shall not be transferred or applied, by collusion, fraud, or any other improper means, for the benefit of donors or their related persons, or to profit-making enterprises in which a donor or a related person serves as a responsible person, director, supervisor, or manager.

Directors, Supervisors, the Chief Executive Officer, and other persons performing duties on behalf of the Foundation shall recuse themselves in the event of any conflict of interest arising in the performance of their duties.

For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, “conflict of interest” refers to a situation in which a director, Supervisor, Chief Executive Officer, or other person performing duties may, directly or indirectly, through their act or omission, obtain for themselves or their related persons any unlawful or manifestly disproportionate benefit.

Directors, Supervisors, the Chief Executive Officer, and other persons performing duties shall not exploit the power, opportunities, or means afforded by their positions to advance the interests of themselves or their related persons.

Chapter VI · Staff

Article 21 · Staff

The Foundation shall have one (1) Chief Executive Officer, who shall be nominated by the Chairperson, appointed with the approval of the Board of Directors, and who shall manage the affairs of the Foundation under the direction of the Board of Directors.

The Foundation may, as required, appoint such number of Deputy Chief Executive Officers, Office Directors, Executive Secretaries, Accountants, Cashiers, dedicated legal counsel, and other staff as may be necessary. Such appointments shall be made by the Chief Executive Officer upon obtaining the approval of the Chairperson.

Chapter VII · Accounting

Article 22 · Fiscal Year

The fiscal year of the Foundation shall commence on 1 January and end on 31 December of each year.

Article 23 · Accounting Management

The Foundation shall maintain accounting books recording all receipts, disbursements, and financial conditions, and shall conduct its accounting in accordance with the Foundations Act and relevant regulations of the competent authority.

Article 24 · Annual Plans and Reports

Within one (1) month after the commencement of each fiscal year, the Foundation shall submit the work plan and budget for the current year to the Board of Directors for approval and then file the same with the competent authority for the record. Within five (5) months after the close of each fiscal year, the Foundation shall submit the work report and financial statements for the preceding year to the Board of Directors for approval and then to all Supervisors for separate review, before filing the same with the competent authority for the record.

CHAPTER VIII · Supplementary Provisions

Article 25 · Competent Authority

The competent authority for the purpose events of the Foundation shall be the Ministry of Justice.

Article 26 · Information Disclosure

In accordance with the principles of openness, transparency, and public accountability, the Foundation shall disclose its operational and financial information as required by law, in compliance with the transparency requirements applicable to modern public interest juridical persons.

The Foundation shall proactively disclose the following information:

  • Materials filed with the competent authority pursuant to Article 25 shall be made public within one (1) month after being filed.
  • The register of grants and donations received, and the register of grants and donations made, in the preceding year, setting out the names and amounts of donors, grantors, and recipients, shall be disclosed in accordance with law. However, disclosure shall be withheld if the donor, grantor, or recipient has expressed prior written objection, or if disclosure would impede or seriously affect the operations of the Foundation and the competent authority has given its approval for non-disclosure.
  • Other information designated by the competent authority as required to be disclosed within a specified period, as necessary for the purposes of public supervision.

Article 27 · Dissolution and Disposition of Residual Assets

Upon dissolution of the Foundation or following the revocation or rescission of its approval by the competent authority, the residual assets remaining after the satisfaction of all debts shall be donated to a non-profit organization that shares the purpose and mission of the Foundation.

Article 28 · Merger

The Foundation may merge with other juridical persons organized for a similar purpose, subject to compliance with the requirements of the competent authority.

Article 29 · Matters Not Provided For

Any matter not addressed in these Articles shall be governed by the Foundation Act and other relevant laws and regulations.

Article 30 · Date of Adoption

These Articles were adopted on 22 December 2025.